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NINO3.4 Index

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The NINO3.4 index is one of several El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) indicators based on sea surface temperatures.

NINO3.4 is the average sea surface temperature anomaly in the region bounded by 5°N to 5°S, from 170°W to 120°W. This region has large variability on El Niño time scales, and is close to the region where changes in local sea-surface temperature are important for shifting the large region of rainfall typically located in the far western Pacific.

An El Niño or La Niña event is identified if the 5-month running-average of the NINO3.4 index exceeds +0.4°C for El Niño or -0.4°C for La Niña for at least 6 consecutive months.

Southern Oscillation Index

Nino3.4 Index

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More rain and storms for WA

13:26 AEST Days of rain and thunder are on the cards for some western and central parts of WA, with the potential for some decent falls in the region. The map below shows showers and thunderstorms approaching the Gascoyne and Upper West districts on Monday morning. Image: Himawari-9 satellite image combined with Weatherzone radar and lightning data, showing three hours of cloud, rain and lightning leading up to 10:20am on Monday, May 13. The thunderstorms and showers are forming in response to an upper-level low moving over the Indian Ocean towards the WA coastline. Image: 500 hPa temperature, wind and height at 11am AWST on Monday, May 13. The largest falls in the coming days are expected in the Gascoyne and Central West districts with widespread totals of 5 to 20mm and isolated areas of 40 to 100mm in the Gascoyne district.